Navigating the Intersection of Data Brokers and GDPR: Economic Impacts and Limitations in the Information Trade Industry
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61173/4d9jh385Keywords:
Data brokers, GDPR, information economy, internet privacy, information privacyAbstract
This literature review presents and explains the basic information about the General Data Protection Regulation and Data broker in terms and words that are generally understood by the public. This paper attempts to explore the impact on the online information economy since the enactment of the European Data Protection Regulation of 25 May 2018. Previous literature has explored the impact of the GDPR on the internet industry and is more dedicated to GDPR and data brokers themselves. This paper delves deeper into how specific data brokers get access to users’ private information and monetize it. This paper also summarizes and analyzes the influence of the GDPR on Data brokers in the information intermediary industry, and we will try to find solutions to limit the development and operation of data brokers.
References
to data according to location, give users better control [2] Anat R. Admati, & Paul Pfleiderer, (2024). Direct and over their personal information, and implement strict reg- Indirect Sale of Information - The Econometric Society.
ulations. Organizations need to adapt to these changes, Retrieved August 13, 2024, from Econometricsociety.org Dean&Francis Tsz Lam Ke, Yannuo Cen website: https://www.econometricsociety.org/publications/ Know website: https://www.avast.com/c-data-brokers econometrica/1990/07/01/direct-and-indirect-sale- [14] LinkedIn: Log in or sign up. (n.d.). Retrieved from https:// information#:~:text=In%20a%20direct%20sale%20buyers%20 www.linkedin.com/
observe%20the%20seller%27s [15] Jones, A. (2021). GDPR Three Years Later: What Impact [3] Baker, L. (2017). The impact of the General Data Protection Has It Made? Retrieved from https://www.ispartnersllc.com/ Regulation on the banking sector: Data subjects’ rights, conflicts website: https://www.ispartnersllc.com/blog/gdpr-one-year-laterof laws and Brexit. Journal of Data Protection & Privacy, 1(2), impact/ 137. https://doi.org/10.69554/eiyo6659 [16] Kaspersky. (2020). Data Brokers & Data Brokerage. [ 4 ] B e rg e m a n n , D . , & B o n a t t i , A . ( 2 0 1 9 ) . M a r k e t s /. ][https://usa.kaspersky.com/resource-center/preemptivefor Information: An Introduction. Annual Review of safety/how-to-stop-data-brokers-from-selling-your-personal- Economics, 11(1), 85–107. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev- information
economics-080315-015439 [17] Kazemi, R. (2018). General Data Protection Regulation [5] Birckan, G., Dutra, M., De Macedo, D., & Viera, A. (2018). (GDPR). tredition.
Effects of data protection laws on data brokerage businesses. [18] Mary Rendle, M. R. (2023). Global Data Hub. Retrieved
ICST Transactions on Scalable Information Systems, 165673. August 11, 2024, from Taylorwessing.com website: https://www. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.22-7-2020.165673 taylorwessing.com/en/global-data-hub [6] Elizabeth Denham, E. D. (2020). Investigation into data [19] Mishra, S. (2021). The dark industry of data brokers: need protection compliance in the direct marketing data broking for regulation? International Journal of Law and Information sector. Retrieved from https://ico.org.uk/media/action-weve- Technology, 29(4), 395–410. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlit/ taken/2618470/investigation-into-data-protection-compliance- eaab012
in-the-direct-marketing-data-broking-sector.pdf [20] Otto, P. N., Anton, A. I., & Baumer, D. L. (2007b). The [7] EPIC (2024).Electronic Privacy Information Center. ChoicePoint Dilemma: How Data Brokers Should Handle the Retrieved from: https://epic.org/issues/consumer-privacy/data- Privacy of Personal Information. IEEE Security & Privacy brokers/ Magazine, 5(5), 15–23. https://doi.org/10.1109/msp.2007.126 [8] Federal Trade Commission. (2014). Data Brokers: A Call [21] Morris, H. &. (2024). Understanding the new data broker For Transparency and Accountability: A Report of the Federal registration laws — Hosch & Morris, PLLC. Retrieved from Trade Commission (May 2014). Retrieved from https://www. https://www.hoschmorris.com/privacy-plus-news/data-brokerftc.gov/system/files/documents/reports/data-brokers-call- registration-laws
transparency-accountability-report-federal-trade-commission- [22] Reviglio, U. (2022). The untamed and discreet role of may-2014/140527databrokerreport.pdf data brokers in surveillance capitalism: a transnational and [9] Glory France, (2017). Data-Driven Marketing and the GDPR: interdisciplinary overview. Internet Policy Review, 11(3). the Data Brokers’ Conundrum | Privacy & Security Law Blog | Retrieved from https://policyreview.info/articles/analysis/ Davis Wright Tremaine. (n.d.-b). Retrieved from https://www. untamed-and-discreet-role-data-brokers-surveillance-capitalismdwt.com/blogs/privacy--security-law-blog/2017/07/datadriven- transnational-and
marketing-and-the-gdpr-the-data-brokers [23] Štarchoň, P., & Pikulík, T. (2019). GDPR principles in [10] Information Commissioners’ Office. (2023). Organizations Data protection encourage pseudonymization through most using marketing services of data brokers: what you need to popular and full-personalized devices - mobile phones. Procedia know. Retrieved from ico.org.uk website: https://ico.org.uk/ Computer Science, 151, 303–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/ for-organisations/direct-marketing-and-privacy-and-electronic- j.procs.2019.04.043
communications/organisations-using-marketing-services-of- [24] Stevens, G. (2007). Data Brokers: Background and Industry data-brokers/ Overview. Retrieved from https://www.ipmall.info/sites/default/ [11] IT GOVERNANCE PRIVACY TEAM. (2017). EU General files/hosted_resources/crs/RS22137_070503.pdf
Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): An Implementation and [25] Voigt, P., & Von Dem Bussche, A. (2017). The EU General Compliance Guide - Second edition (2nd ed.). IT Governance Data Protection Regulation (GDPR): A Practical Guide. Publishing. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1trkk7x Springer. [12] Lexxion..https://edpl.lexxion.eu/data/article/13101/pdf/ [26] Yeh, C.-L. (2018). Pursuing consumer empowerment in the edpl_2018_03008.pdf age of big data: A comprehensive regulatory framework for data [13] Latto, N. (2024). Data Brokers: Everything You Need to brokers. Telecommunications Policy, 42(4), 282–292. https://doi. Know. Retrieved from Data Brokers: Everything You Need to org/10.1016/j.telpol.2017.12.001
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 by the authors.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
